On learning k-parities with and without noise

We first consider the problem of learning $k$-parities in the on-line mistake-bound model: given a hidden vector $x \in \{0,1\}^n$ with $|x|=k$ and a sequence of "questions" $a_1, a_2, ...\in \{0,1\}^n$, where the algorithm must reply to each question with $< a_i, x> \pmod 2$, what is the best tradeoff between the number of mistakes made by the algorithm and its time complexity? We improve the previous best result of Buhrman et al. by an $\exp(k)$ factor in the time complexity. Second, we consider the problem of learning $k$-parities in the presence of classification noise of rate $η\in (0,1/2)$. A polynomial time algorithm for this problem (when $η> 0$ and $k = ω(1)$) is a longstanding challenge in learning theory. Grigorescu et al. showed an algorithm running in time ${n \choose k/2}^{1 + 4η^2 +o(1)}$. Note that this algorithm inherently requires time ${n \choose k/2}$ even when the noise rate $η$ is polynomially small. We observe that for sufficiently small noise rate, it is possible to break the $n \choose k/2$ barrier. In particular, if for some function $f(n) = ω(1)$ and $α\in [1/2, 1)$, $k = n/f(n)$ and $η= o(f(n)^{- α}/\log n)$, then there is an algorithm for the problem with running time $poly(n)\cdot {n \choose k}^{1-α} \cdot e^{-k/4.01}$.