Water Distribution System Design Using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm with External Archive and Local Search

Hybridisation of the multi-objective optimisation algorithm NSGA-II and local search is proposed for water distribution system design. Results obtained with the proposed algorithm are presented for four medium-size water networks taken from the literature. Local search is found to be beneficial for one of the networks in terms of finding new solutions not reported earlier. It is also shown that simply using an external archive to save all non-dominated solutions visited by the population, even without local search, leads to substantial improvement in the non-dominated set produced by the algorithm.