Computation Offloading and Content Caching Delivery in Vehicular Edge Computing: A Survey

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) generated a plethora of data prior to support various vehicle applications. Thus, a big storage and high computation platform is necessary, and this is possible with the presence of Cloud Computing (CC). However, the computation for vehicular networks at the cloud computing suffers from several drawbacks, such as latency and cost, due to the proximity issue. As a solution, the computing capability has been recently proposed at the edge of vehicular networks, which is known as Vehicle Edge Computing (VEC). This leads to other open problems for vehicles to offload and compute data at edge nodes, and also how data is cached in edge nodes and then disseminated to other vehicles. In this paper, we initially present an overview of VEC architectures including types of layers, fog nodes, communication technologies and also vehicle applications, which are used in data offloading and dissemination scenarios. Since the mobility is critical on the VEC performance, the mobility model used in the VEC scenario is also discussed. We extensively review the Computation Offloading (ComOf) techniques as well as Content Caching and Delivery (CachDel) approaches for VEC. We finally highlight some key research challenges, issues and future works in the paper