Grid Drawings of Graphs with Constant Edge-Vertex Resolution

We study the algorithmic problem of computing drawings of graphs in which $(i)$ each vertex is a disk with fixed radius $ρ$, $(ii)$ each edge is a straight-line segment connecting the centers of the two disks representing its end-vertices, $(iii)$ no two disks intersect, and $(iv)$ the distance between an edge segment and the center of a non-incident disk, called \emph{edge-vertex resolution}, is at least $ρ$. We call such drawings \emph{disk-link drawings}. In this paper we focus on the case of constant edge-vertex resolution, namely $ρ=\frac{1}{2}$ (i.e., disks of unit diameter). We prove that star graphs, which trivially admit straight-line drawings in linear area, require quadratic area in any such disk-link drawing. On the positive side, we present constructive techniques that yield improved upper bounds for the area requirements of disk-link drawings for several (planar and nonplanar) graph classes, including bounded bandwidth, complete, and planar graphs. In particular, the presented bounds for complete and planar graphs are asymptotically tight.