Permutree sorting

Generalizing stack sorting and $c$-sorting for permutations, we define the permutree sorting algorithm. Given two disjoint subsets $U$ and $D$ of $\{2, \dots, n-1\}$, the $(U,D)$-permutree sorting tries to sort the permutation $π\in \mathfrak{S}_n$ and fails if and only if there are $1 \le i < j < k \le n$ such that $π$ contains the subword $jki$ if $j \in U$ and $kij$ if $j \in D$. This algorithm is seen as a way to explore an automaton which either rejects all reduced expressions of $π$, or accepts those reduced expressions for $π$ whose prefixes are all $(U,D)$-permutree sortable.