New hard benchmark functions for global optimization

In this paper, we present some new unimodal, multimodal, and noise test functions to assess the performance of global optimization algorithms. All the test functions are multidimensional problems. The 2-dimension landscape of the proposed functions has been graphically presented in 3D space to show their geometry, however these functions are more complicated in dimensions greater than 3. To show the hardness of these functions, we have made an experimental study with some powerful algorithms such as CEC competition winners: LSHADE, MadDe, and LSHADE-SPACMA algorithms. Besides the novel algorithm, Tangent search algorithm (TSA) and its modified Tangent search algorithm (mTSA) were also used in the experimental study. The results found demonstrate the hardness of the proposed functions. The code sources of the proposed test functions are available on Matlab Exchange website. https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/106450-new-hard-benchmark-functions-for-global-optimization?s_tid=srchtitle