A Comparison of Violin Bowing Pressure and Position among Expert Players and Beginners

The violin is one of the most popular musical instruments, but mastering it requires a significant amount of practice time. The bowing action (pressure, position, speed) of the right hand is crucial in determining tonal quality, but this is difficult to master. This study compared the bowing movements, specifically bow pressure, bow position, and bow speed, of experienced players with those of beginners. Identifying common bowing characteristics of experienced violin players can aid the evaluation of beginners' skills and the development of a feedback system that supports self-practice and instruction.