Can Activation Steering Capture Multidimensional Authorship Style?

September 04, 2026 ยท Grace Period ยท ๐Ÿ› EMNLP 2026

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Authors Hieu Tran, Calvin Bao, Marine Carpuat arXiv ID 2609.04792 Category cs.CL: Computation & Language Cross-listed cs.AI Citations 0 Venue EMNLP 2026
Abstract
Activation steering has shown promise for controlling LLM generation along well-defined attributes, but it remains unclear whether it can handle the multidimensional and hard-to-define nature of authorship style. We ask whether structured contrastive prompting along rhetorically-motivated dimensions can construct rich style representations directly in activation space, bypassing the need for natural language style descriptors or dedicated training. We find that the resulting directions share a common authorship backbone while conflicting on aspect-specific residuals that carry genuine stylistic signal, explaining why naive aggregation fails. We operationalize this in Aspect-Aware Activation Steering (A3S), a training-free framework that merges per-aspect contrastive directions with interference-aware aggregation and tunes steering strength per instance. A3S improves authorship style transfer where it is genuinely multi-aspect, outperforms a trained baseline in preference evaluations on out-of-domain benchmarks, and keeps target-exemplar overlap consistently low.
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